State/UT Land Records RoR and DILRMP in India

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June 28, 2025

Evolution of Land Records in India

Traditionally, land records were maintained manually at the village or taluka level, often in outdated registers written by hand. These records, known in various states by different names such as Record of Rights (RoR), Khasra, Khatauni, and Jamabandi, included details of ownership, land use, crop data, irrigation, and tenancy. However, the lack of a uniform digital system and reliance on physical documents often led to disputes, fraud, and cumbersome legal procedures.

With the increasing digitization of public services, land records emerged as a top priority for reform. Accurate land records are essential for land acquisition, agriculture, banking, inheritance, and governance. The State/UT Land Records RoR initiative under DILRMP has become a significant milestone toward streamlining property-related data across the nation.

What is Record of Rights (RoR)?

The Record of Rights (RoR) is a key land document that provides comprehensive details of a land parcel. It typically contains information on the landowner’s name, the nature of the land, its classification (agricultural, non-agricultural), tenancy rights, tax dues, and crop details. The RoR is a legal document used for ownership verification and is mandatory for land transactions, mutations, and applying for bank loans or subsidies.

RoRs are known by different names in different states:

Maharashtra – 7/12 Utara
Uttar Pradesh – Khatauni
Punjab – Jamabandi
Karnataka – RTC (Pahani)
Odisha – Bhulekh RoR
Andhra Pradesh – Adangal and 1B

Digital RoRs help reduce land disputes, ensure transparency, and empower citizens with legal clarity about their land.

View and Download Copies of Property Records.

Save property records as PDF files.
Print copies of property records.
Save copies directly to cloud storage (such as Drive) for access from anywhere.
The application is available for free installation, enabling easy access to land-related information.

State/UT Name	Website for Land Records	Land Records Link
Assam	Assam Bhulekh	https://revenueassam.nic.in
Andhra Pradesh	Meebhoomi	https://meebhoomi.ap.gov.in
Arunachal Pradesh	Arunachal Land Records	https://landrevenue.arunachal.gov.in
Bihar	Bihar Bhulekh	http://biharbhumi.bihar.gov.in
Chhattisgarh	Bhuiyan	https://bhuiyan.cg.nic.in
Goa	Goa Land Records	https://egov.goa.nic.in/dslr
Gujarat	AnyROR Gujarat	https://anyror.gujarat.gov.in
Karnataka	Bhoomi Karnataka	https://landrecords.karnataka.gov.in
Haryana	Jamabandi Haryana	https://jamabandi.nic.in
Himachal Pradesh	Himachal Bhulekh	https://lrc.hp.nic.in
Jharkhand	Jharkhand Bhulekh	https://jharbhoomi.nic.in
Maharashtra	MahaBhulekh	https://mahabhulekh.maharashtra.gov.in
Uttar Pradesh	UP Bhulekh	http://upbhulekh.gov.in
Tamil Nadu	TN e-Services	https://eservices.tn.gov.in
Kerala	Kerala E-Rekha	http://erekha.kerala.gov.in
Rajasthan	Apna Khata	http://apnakhata.raj.nic.in
West Bengal	Banglar Bhumi	https://banglarbhumi.gov.in
Punjab	Land Records	https://plrs.org.in
Madhya Pradesh	MP Bhulekh	https://mpbhulekh.gov.in
Manipur	Manipur Land Records	https://louchapathap.nic.in
Meghalaya	Meghalaya Land Records	https://meghalaya.gov.in
Mizoram	Mizoram Land Revenue	https://land.mizoram.gov.in
Nagaland	Nagaland Land Records	https://nlrmp.nic.in
Telangana	Dharani	https://dharani.telangana.gov.in
Tripura	Tripura Land Records	https://jami.tripura.gov.in
Odisha	Bhulekh Odisha	http://bhulekh.ori.nic.in
Uttarakhand	Uttarakhand Land Records	https://bhulekh.uk.gov.in
West Bengal	Banglar Bhumi	https://banglarbhumi.gov.in

Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP)

Launched in 2008 and revamped under the Digital India initiative, the DILRMP aims to create a single-window, transparent, and integrated land record management system across India. The main objectives of DILRMP include:

Computerization of land records
Digitization of cadastral maps
Integration of property registration and land records
Automated mutation updates
Providing conclusive land titles

One of the revolutionary goals of DILRMP is to eventually replace the current presumptive land titles (which require further verification) with conclusive titles, backed by a centralized, government-guaranteed digital record.

The key components of DILRMP are:

Modern Record Rooms
Survey/Re-survey using drones or satellite technology
Geo-referenced cadastral maps
Linking RoR with Aadhaar and PAN

This program envisions a digitally enabled land governance system that reduces litigation, eases credit access for farmers, and enhances real estate transparency.

Benefits to Citizens

Digitization of land records offers multiple benefits to citizens:

Easy access to ownership documents online
Faster mutation and registration processes
Reduction in land disputes
Transparent and tamper-proof records
Seamless integration with financial institutions and government schemes

Citizens no longer need to visit government offices or bribe middlemen to get certified land documents. With portals available in regional languages and user-friendly dashboards, the system is becoming increasingly inclusive.

Conclusion

The State/UT Land Records RoR initiative, under the umbrella of the DILRMP, marks a transformative shift in India’s land administration. With a citizen-centric approach, it simplifies land ownership verification, reduces conflicts, and paves the way for a digital property rights ecosystem. As India moves toward a more digitally inclusive future, the modernization of land records is not just a reform—it is a revolution in governance, empowerment, and rural development.